Ielts-writing-practiceielts-general-task2-essay-writing

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Read the below Information:

In many countries, the cost of buying or renting a home in major cities has risen so sharply that a large proportion of working people can no longer afford to live close to where they work. This is increasingly seen as a significant social and economic problem.


  • • What are the main reasons why housing in cities has become so expensive?
  • • What steps should governments take to make housing more affordable for ordinary workers?
Time remaining: 40 minutes 0 seconds

Words: 0

Important Keywords/Phrases

housing affordabilityproperty pricesrental marketsupply and demandurban migrationland scarcityproperty investmentsocial housingrent controlgovernment policyaffordable housingconstructionzoning regulationhousing shortageincome gap

Sample Answer

15 keywords

Soaring housing costs in major cities have become one of the most pressing quality-of-life issues facing working people today. Identifying the root causes of this crisis is the essential first step toward finding effective government solutions. Several interconnected factors have driven urban housing costs to their current levels. The most fundamental is a persistent imbalance between supply and demand: cities attract large numbers of workers and migrants seeking employment opportunities, but the construction of new homes has consistently failed to keep pace with this urban migration. Restrictive zoning regulations, lengthy planning approval processes, and limited land availability in desirable urban areas all slow the pace of building. Compounding this, residential properties in many cities have become attractive targets for property investment — both domestic and international — which drives up prices independently of genuine housing demand. The result is a market in which income gap between typical wages and property values has widened to a point where ordinary workers are effectively priced out. Governments have a range of tools available to address the housing shortage and improve affordability. The most impactful long-term measure is a significant increase in the supply of social housing — publicly funded homes rented at below-market rates to low and middle-income families. Reforming zoning regulation to allow denser construction, particularly near public transport corridors, can unlock land that is currently underused. Governments should also consider policies that discourage the purchase of residential properties purely for speculation, such as higher taxes on vacant investment properties. In the shorter term, targeted rent control in the most severely affected areas can provide immediate relief for renters while structural supply-side reforms take effect. A combined approach addressing both supply constraints and speculative demand is the most realistic path toward genuinely affordable urban housing.